Unsupervised Phenotyping Explorer

Cluster the kidney cohort in radiomic-plus-clinical space and ask whether the resulting phenotypes mean anything.

k-means
PCA
phenotypes
unsupervised

Mean silhouette width

0.175

Patients

180.000

Features used

4.000

k-means clusters in PCA space

Silhouette width by patient

Points below zero are likely misclassified.

Cluster profiles (feature medians) and malignancy breakdown

Cluster	N	age_at_nephrectomy	body_mass_index	radiographic_size_cm	preop_egfr	% malignant
Cluster 1	72.000	52.596	24.418	4.372	73.715	0.0%
Cluster 2	51.000	66.878	30.255	4.391	87.389	2.0%
Cluster 3	57.000	64.834	31.153	3.176	61.550	3.5%

Structure vs. label

Unsupervised structure reflects whatever dominates the variance of the chosen features, which need not be malignancy. A cluster with a higher malignant fraction is a post-hoc, exploratory observation — not evidence of a validated phenotype until it replicates in new data.

Preparing the simulation…